High-voltage strain-insulator.



L. STEINBBRGER. HIGH VOLTAGE STRAIN NSULATOR.

' APPLIOAT IIIIIIIII PRA, 1910. l L Parena M125, 1913.

www #mmf/wl Y Arron/firs 1o nrrnn sfrarn's rrivfr HIGH-VOLTAGE STRAIN-inscannen.

' Application filed April Specification of Letters Patent.

To all 'whom 'it may' concern Be it'known that I, Lotus S'rnrsnnonn, a citizen ot' the 'United States, and a resident ot' the city ot` Xew York. borough oflrooklyn,I in the county otliings and State of New York, have invented a new'and Improved High-Voltage Straiirl'nsulator, ot'

which'the following isa t'ull, clear, and ex#l fact. description.

My invention rela'tes'to strain insulators vtor high voltage electric conductors t-o be used` in various relations and tor various purposes. such as power transmission, and for guv wires or cables employed as stays tor towers or for poles, ports used in wireless telegraphy and te lephonygas well as in ordinary connnercial- "work,

metallic member having generally the form I seek, among other things,

n to provide an insulator withstanding a considerable mechanical stress 'and very high voltages, the insulator ,as practica. ble, prooiv thus being. as iar against the evils of leakage, arcing and puncturing. i l

Among the purposes sought to be'acconr -iplished by aid ot' my invention are the iol-.

lowing: IATO provide the insulator body with an`opening of such forni that a iiexible tensioirmember may be inserted for some distance straight. into the body ot insulating material. and extended'out again so as to encircle a considerable mass o'l't the insulating body. II. To facilitate the use'of a iieii'ible suspension 111e'.rber,` such as a piece oll cable, in connection with abrittle body portion, the mechanical pressure the flexiblesuspension member being 'distributed as equally vas possible upon the brittle body portion, so as to protect the latter lfrom the injurious yeffects oi: mechanicalv strains dis.- tribnted unequally. III. To provide the in sulator body with av passage .of peculiar form for holding a suspension member, and to line this passage with tough material in order toprotect the inner surface of the insulator body from undue abrasion. IV. To provide Within the body of insulating material a of asemifring' for gripping against a portion of the insulator body, and tension members detachably' connected with the ends of this seniiming for exerting thereupon the mechanical strain to which the insulator is` To connect the tension mein-- subjected. V.

masts andother sup-.

which is compact and simple in construction. lows in cost, and capable of insulating qualities.

tain internal parts of the structure berslast mentioned, with a plate engaging one end of the insulator body and provided to be suspenthed.` VI. To provide a flexible suspension member having the form of a section of'cable with its endsr twisted to getherinto' a single strand, and a clami made in halves, said halves being disposed upon opposite sides ot said link'and together provided with a recess tor receiving said sin, e strand and concealing the saine. III. To provide a body of insulating mate Arial having metallic tension members extendinga considerable distance into it and crossing each other. VIII. To facilitate the removal ot' the tension members inserted from -time to time into the body of insulating material. IX. To strengthen the body of insulating iraterial by reinforcing the same around the pointsI where the tension members cross each other inside of the insulating body. the reinforcing material Athus added serving also the additional purpose otf preventing arcing over from one end ot the insulator to the other. X. To provide the reinforcing portion last mentioned with corrugations for still further improving its XI. To provide an insulator possessing the highest possible iorin ot electric insulationl combined with great' mechani al strength. tainA internal parts yielding members.

XII. To jl'jrovidev cer-` XIII. To provide cerwith members for resisting mechanical stresses. XIV. To provide certain internal `parte of the structure with hollow members to operate in conjunction with the strain inerbers. XV. To provide tension members with fastening membeis of such conformity` as to of the structure Awith` naar y rateaiee een. sa, 1 91s..

4, i910.V Serial No. 553,216. v

Vwith an eye for enabling the insulator body enable one to attach or remove them at will.

Reference is to be had to the accompany'- an'y part thereof.

ing drawings forming a part of this specif ticatioii, in which similar charactersl of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section through my iuiproved strain insulator; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same, but taken in a plane at right angles to the section indicated in Fig. 1: Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 3 3 oi Fig, 1, looking in the direction of the arrow.; Fig. 4 is an end elevation showing the insulator as it would appear to a person standing at the left of Fig. l; and Fig. 5 is a detail of a hollow metallic semi-ring employed in the body of the insulator and which I designate, for convenience, as a stiiriip.

A body 6, of insulating material, say porcelain or eleetrose, has generally the form ot a solid cylinder and is provided with annular cori'iigatioiis 7 and with a portion t5 of greater diameter than the rest of the body portion, this portion 8 being provided with corrugations 9, A U-sha ed tube l0 is made of metal and embeddet within the body portion. This U-sliaped member consists essentially of two straight cylindrical portions connected together by a portion 10 having the forni of a semi-ring integral with the 'two straight portions. A link 11 is made of ir section of cable which is first threaded through the U-tube and its Bti ` jectcd,

ends twisted together so as to form a single strand 12 extending directly away from the body ortin of the insultaor.' A clamp 13 is ina e in halves, each, having substantially a Y-form, these two halves being secured directly together b aid of bolts 15. The clamp when comp eted contains a receptacle 14 into which a twisted portion 12 extends and is thereby concealed from view. The portion lat is disposed in the path of the greatest strain to which the clamp is suband upon this account greatly strengthens the clamp and the link 11.

At 16 is a hollow metallic member having the form of a semi-ring, the ends of which are provided internally with threads 16, The member 16, because of its peculiar ofiice, l designate as a stirrnp. It is eriibedded within the body ofiiisulating material and leading down to its ends are two straight passages of considerable length. Extending through these passages are bolts l7 having threaded ends 18 which are Screwed into the ends ot' the stirrup. The bolts 17 are provided with heads lti and extend through a. disk 2t). integrally connected with this disk is an rye 21, shown more particularly in Fig. et.

The link l1, being from `its nature a tension member, necessarily places uponv the body of insulating material a considerable mechanical strain when the insulator is in use. It is very importantthat this strain shall la distributed as nearly equally as ti'ansniitted from possible upon ditterent portions ot tlie insulator body. 'lhis distributioni of the strain is etfecteii in two distinct ways. First, the flexibility of the link 1l allows each part of it to yield slightly if necessary, and this prevents any one portion from sustaining all, or any excessive portion, ofA the strains in question. Again, the U-,tube 10, by receiving the stiain from a plurality of points within itV and transferring these strains to the body portion, Amust necessarily tend to distribute them, as these strains can not be the 'fiexible link 11 through the U-tiibe to the bod?r portion of the insulator, without more or ess equilization of the strains and the conversion thereof into a comparatively steady uniform bearing pressure.

The net result is that owing to the equalil zation and proper distribution of the strains t upon the body of insulating material, the

latter is virtually strengthened, 0r at least its capability to bear different degrees of strain is virtually increased, and this increase is rendered still greater because of the mechanical strength of thel U-tube which is of metal and by its anchorage within the body inem )er tends to still further distribnte the strains to points remote from their application.

The action of the bolts 17 andA stirrup 16 is sach as to distribute mechanical strains' applied to the eye 2l. The stirrup 16, because of its form as a semi -rin and further because. of its being hollow an made of thin metal, can undergo slight degrees of distortion and in so doing is caused to fit more neatly againstthe adjacent portions of the body member of the insulator. The mechanical strain exerts a straight pull upon the bolts 17 in the general direction of the axis thereof, and this strain being applied to the ends of the semi-ring 16 and slightly distorting this ring if necessary, strains are of course distributed to reat advantage in preventing breakage o the body member. Again,` the semi-ring 16, having s, form which is arcuate in the plane of the greatest width ot' thc memlier, and the portion 10 of the U-tube having a form which isarcuate in cross section (compare 16 and 10, Fig. 1), it will he seen that the general direction of extent of the semi-rin 16 is approximately concentric to the circuir cross section of the portion 1()u of the Ushaped member. This arrangement affords great strength and still further promotes a proper distribution of the mechanical strain. It willbe noted, however, that (see Fig. 1) the semi-ring 16 projects slightly beyond the outermost portions of the bolts 17, and being of metal it practically renders thinner the covering of insulating material outside of the semi-ring and adjacent to the outermost portions of the body niemben-Partly on this account I add vtra the portion 8 of insulating material, so as to increase thedianieter of thebody member directly' through a zone occupying the proxi mate middle of thebody portion. This portion 8 beingt-hus reinforcement'foi the insulator body at its .point of greatest strain, serves also the purpose of-a portion for improving generally the insulation afforded, and the addition of the corrugations 9 still further carries out this object. i Mounted upon the-twocnds of the body 6 of insulating material, are collars 6, formingl a hollow or cup-shaped end portion onthe body, which serve to sjelterthe metallic 1 parts .contained within them, thereby pro- .tecting these parts from undue exposure to the weather.' It will be noted that the outer ends of'tlie collars 6 extend fully to the 13, .so that the innermost portions of. thecollars are always dry and` dry spaces are always adjacent to the various metallic parteI nearestI the body t of insulating material. ()wing to the novel construction ot my strain insulator, itwill be observed that for any given zone of `insuhition body, it pro vides the greatest-fpossible insulatii'ig surace for the prevention of surface leakage and also the tendency to are and to puncture, thereby producing a ver-'y .large factor ot 'bere relatively to each other and to the insulating. member is such that the insulator is entirelyczeiiip't t'roinall but compression strains, and hence possesses exceptionally great mechanical strength., combined with the highest.. possible iorin of electrical insu iatioiii.

These insulators may be used separately or any iiiniiber ot 'them may be linked or connected together, or connected. to insulators ci diiierent torni, in any preferred manner. so to increase the aggregate insulation itor supportingfa line, dead ending, guy'lng or in any other rents of very high potential. are employed.

. i do not limit iiiyselt to the exactl torni nor to the details of any or all of the parts above' shown and described, nor do l limit myself to any particular construction of the eX- tcnding collars on the ends ot' the body por tion; nor to use at all tiiii-oshollow members within thc passages. Nor do l limit. myself. to the olfany prcsizribed materials, in sonic instanceJ 'i may employ the insulating material welt own in this art, as electrose, or l i employ porcelain or any other suitable material.

Having thus described my invention.,` lv .claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: f "1. A high voltage insulator',

gli

comprising a bodv mein-ber of moldable insulating' matew rial` provided with a passage extending built up and serving as a outermost limits ot' the eye 21 and the clamp' safety.:l The disposition of the .st-rain mem relation where cur-Y thereinto,A a tubular metallic lining ein bedded `within said body member and ex- `tending through said passage audtension mechanism connected with said body member `and providedwithan eye disposed opposite said tubular metallic lining torthe purpose of supporting said body member.

Q. A high potential strain insulator, comprisinga body portionprovided witha U- shaped-passage disposed completely inside ot the saine, a U-shaped lining mount'e within said passage for protecting said body portion from abrasion, and a link extending shaped lining. f

3. .A high voltage strain prising a body.member of rial, provided with a substantially U-shaped passage disposed entirely within saidbody member, and. a vhollow member. disposed within said U-sliapedpassage and' likewise disposed entirely within said body member.

fl. its anarticler of manufact-ure, ahigli insulator, oominsi'ilating mate.

' voltage strain insulator, comprising a longitudinal body portion otv insulating material having integral therewith collars at its operal direction of said body portion and forming cup-shaped end portions, and de `tachable ticxible strain members extending 'from said body portion into said cup-shaped end portions.

5. A rod 'type insulator. comprising an elongated'hody portion of insulating inaterial formed with hollow cup-shaped ends,

portions extending longitudinally through trudiiig' iiitothe. received in U-sliaped apertures formed-iu into said hollow ends.

6. A rod typefnsulator` comprising an elongated body portion of insulating material' having tivo Ursl'iaped tubular ypassageways formed therein by the material of the body portion extending from opposite ends of the elongated body portion, each U- ot legs t'ion of insulating material formed with ay hollow cup-shaped end, a flexible4 strain member having a substantially straight portion extending longitudinally through the material of said body .port-ion and .protrudthrough said passage and through said U- posite ends. said collars extending in the gen- .aiidtlexible strain members having straight the material of said elongated body and pi'ohollows `of .said ends, being the material ot said elongated body opening straight portion within said body portion,

wall portions ot' the two apertures being in ing into the hollow end thereof. and having a bent portion beyond the substantially the bent ptirtion of said flexible strain member being received in an aperture formed in the material of said body portion, said apertnre havingr a wall portion disposed substantially transversely of the direct line of pull longitudinally of the straight. portion of the strain member. and means engagingI the strain member beyond the bent port-ion thereof for maintaining it against bodily withdrawal` whereby the transversely arranged wall portion of the aperture within the body portion is subjectto the direct yielding strains of the flexible strain member.

8. A rod type strain. insulator, comprising an elongated body portion of insulating material, 4a pair of strain members, Ieach having al substantially straight portion ex` tending longitudinally through the material of saidvelongated body and protrudingr from the respective ends thereof. and each of said strain members having a bentportion bevond .the substantially straight portion thereof within said elongated body, the bent portions of said strain members being each received in an aperture formed deep in the material of said elongated body, each of said apertures having a wall portion disposed transversely to the direct line of pull longitudinally of the straight portion of the strain members. the transversely disposed opposed relation` and means engaging the strain members beyond the bent portions thereof for maintaining them against bodily withdrawal, whereby the `transversely ar-` ranged wall portions of the apertures deep within the elongated body are subjected to the directl strains of the strain members by a compre, lsion strain tending to force them toward each other.

9. In a device of the class described, a body of insulating material having a U- shaped passage-way located therein, the ends of said U-sha passage-way termin. lows of sai said strain members with a conductor.

mtingfat the end o heid hody'of insulating material, a flexible tension member located kshaped passage-Ways which extend therein from oppositeends, said passage-nays being located at right angles to each other and crossing each other Within said body of in` snlating material, and said body of insulating material adjacentr the point where said passage-ways cross each other, having an increased diameter,

11. A device of the class described, comprising a substantially cylindrical body ortion of insulating material formed with ollow cup-shaped end portions; strain ni'tnbers located within the body portionot aid insulator and extending outwardly therefrom into said hollowr end portions; and means fixed to said strain members torming attachin eyes entirely within the holend portions for connecting 12. An article of the class described, comprisin a substantially cylindrical body portion o insulating material formed with hollow cap-shaped end portions; a U-shaped strain member located removably within the body portion of said insulator, havin its free ends extending outwardly there rom into the hollow of one of said hollow end portions; and separately formed means engaging the project-ing ends of said strain member forming an o en eye entirely within the hollow of sai and protected thereby for attaching a condnctor. Y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribin witnesses.

OUIS STEINBERGER. Witnesses:

WALTON HARRISON,

PHILIP D. RoLLHAns hollow end portion 

